Comprehensive+Research

Jon Cappetta's Assignment to do Comprehensive Research on the web
Liza Loop, Bob Albrecht, Resources for Collecting of Oral HIstories (Technology and Education Focus)

Liza Loop:
@http://iae-pedia.org/Liza_Loop

-Cofounder of Apple Computer, Steve Wozniak, bought the first commercially-shipped Apple computer, and he gave it to Liza Loop to use in her school teaching of students and teachers. The first school she took the Apple 1 to was Windsor Junior High School in northern California. She was a guest instructor in an introductory algebra and showed how to load BASIC language into the Apple from audio cassette and the create simple programs.

-Liza Loop runs LO*OP Center, Inc., a nonprofit, public benefit organization incorporated in California in 1976. Aside from being a pun on her last name, LO*OP stands for Learning Options * Open Portal. 1) Learning Options (the LO in LO*OP) represents Liza's desire for all people to have the privilege to learn more effectively, sometimes with the help of computers. 2) Open Portals (the OP in LO*OP) represents the unlocked gateway to learning options, “open” signifying free or low cost educational materials and software

-Since 1975 LO*OP has served as an educational research and development and training company. 1) In the early 80's Liza Loop and the LO*OP Center designed effective home computer documentation 2) In the late 90's LO*OP expanded to teach inter cultural communication to Americans posted abroad as well as technical personnel coming to the United States. 3) In the 2000's LO*OP has focused in on ecological themes, sustainability and public science education in the NIS [former Soviet Union].

- Liza Loop's current project is called History of Computing in Learning and Education Virtual Museum. HCLE is organized into a Wiki Web site that offers information about the cause and serves as a loading dock/ storage basement/ conference room. HCLE will be working with IAE-pedia to make sure the lessons we learned during the last50 years of experimenting with using computing to help people learn are not lost or forgotten.

-“I am setting up this Wiki Web site to capture the story of how learners, teachers, schools and the emerging microcomputer industry interacted. I invite you both to join in and to enjoy this effort. I'll organize and post images of the people, equipment, documents and perhaps even software I have collected since that time. As I have time, I'll add a little essay about each image and link it to related images. The purpose of this Wiki is for you to do the same.” said Liza Loop.

http://www.loopcenter.org/home.html

Vision Keeper- Liza Loop

-Liza founded LO*OP Center, Inc. in 1975 to provide a nonprofit home for innovative educational project led by herself and others. The History of Computing in Learning and Education is her latest effort.

-LO*OP Center, Inc. believes that human beings must engage in thoughtful development of their own societies, sciences, and selves. Through learning we can create a society without losers, a sustainable ecology and a population of people who respect and cherish diversity on Earth.

-Since 1975 Liza Loop has been helping to bring new curriculum and learning resources to individuals, schools, youth organizations, hobby clubs, museums, companies, and government government agencies.

@http://mw2015.museumsandtheweb.com/proposal/what-makes-an-online-museum-real-online-museums-working-group-session/

Liza Loop- wrote an article for MW2015: Museums and the Web 2015 titled:

What makes an Online Museum Real? – Online Museums Working Group Session Birds of a Feather

- Challenge members of a panel to ask themselves to distinguish between a serious virtual/online museum and someones fly-by-night website that shows pictures of their favorite things. 1) Such question should be asked because Congress will reauthorize the Museum and Library Services Act in 2016.

-The purpose of the Online Museums Working Group is to recommend wording for the new bill that will enable IMLS to make grants to purely digital museums without opening up the application process to every blog site and picture gallery on the web.

@http://www.hastac.org/users/lizaloop

Liza Loop- On HASTAC

-Brief Bio on LO*OP and History of Computing in Learning and Education 1) Liza Loop pioneered in the field of computer use for learning and education since 1972. In 1975 she founded the nonprofit, LO*OP Center, Inc., the second storefront, public access, computer center in the world. 2) Introduced thousands of children and adults to their first computing experience through walk-in visits to the Center in Cotati, CA, USA (now closed) and through school presentations, museum exhibits, recreational classes and conference sessions. 3) Liza Loop is currently documenting digital pioneers work and her own through the History of Computing in Learning and Education- Virtual Museum

-Liza Loop's Interests: 1)21st Century Literacies 2)Information Science & Archiving 3)History 4)Collaboration 5)Connected Learning 6)Digital Divide & Access 7)Institutions & Organizations 8)Non-profits

Questions for Liza: How did you feel meeting Cofounder of apple computer Steve Wozniak?

In what way did you use that computer as a tool to teach?

What truly inspired you to take initiative and create the LO*OP group?

Core benefits from LO*OP and/or HCLE?

What is the ideal future for HCLE?

Bob Albrecht
__ People's Computer Company Founders __ @http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Computer_Company

- Bob Albrecht founder and producer with George Firedrake of People's Computer Company. -It was produced in the early 1970 in Menlo Park, California. It was an organization, a newsletter (the "People's Computer Company Newsletter") and, later, a quasiperiodical called the Dragonsmoke. -Each issue has a dragon theme on the cover or somewhere within especially in the classic DragonSmoke pieces found in most issues. -These great documents also contain the "Fortran Man" cartoons (some of the first cartoons about computers and those who use them). It were a vital early spark that helped ignite the culture of people having a personal and creative relationship with computers. -PCC is one of the first organizations to recognize the potential of Tiny BASIC in the nascent field of personal cumputing when it published the language's design specification in their newsletter. This ultimately led to the design of an interpreter that was published in a publication, which they named Dr. Dobbs Journal a professional journey of software tools for advance computer programmers. -first organizations to recognize and actively advocate playing as a legitimate way of learning. -published arguably the first best-seller in microcomputer literature, "My Computer Loves Me When I Speak BASIC" and "What To Do After You Hit Return" -The company was an early proponent of software without copyright and published it their books including DDJ -One magazine of theirs originally shared the company's name but it evolved and was later renamed "Recreational Computing" which focused on publishing code listings, mostly for games, that users could hand type into their early-model (and some homebrew) personal computers (Because the code was without copyright, authors were free to study it, adapt, rewrite and build upon it.) -The company's no-copyright practice was a significant boost to the growing body of microcomputer software and applications, and to the general base of knowledge and developing best practices in the young industry. -PCC also fostered the activities of its child organization, Computer Town USA. That formalized PCC's long- standing activism around general computer literacy. -At a time when many computers still were kept in clean rooms, PCC was taking them to libraries, grade schools and elder communities. Their activities encouraged hands-on exploration and just trying things. -Bob Albrecht has authored or coauthored more than 30 books and 200 articles, including many books about Basic and educational games. -Involved in establishing organizations, publications, and events such as Portola Institute, ComputerTown USA, Calculators/Computers Magazine, and the Learning Fair at Peninsula School in Menlo Park, California.

__ DigiBarn computer museum, Bruce Dammer's project, has copies of __ @http://www.digibarn.com/collections/newsletters/peoples-computer/index.html Albrecht's newsletters, titled: __ People's Computer Company & __ __ The People's Computers Newsletters: __

-Produced by Bob Albrecht & George Firedrake in Menlo Park, California from the early 70s onward, the People's Computer Center, the People's Computer Company Newsletters, and DragonSmoke were a vital early spark that helped ignite the culture of people having a personal and creative relationship with computers.

-PCC helped to spawn Dr. Dobb's journal and itself morphed into Recreational Computing magazine by the end of the 1970s

-Each issue has a dragon theme on the cover or somewhere within especially in the classic DragonSmoke pieces found in most issues. These great documents also contain the super cool "Fortran Man" cartoons (some of the first cartoons about computers and those who use them).

-Dragon Smoke:Bob & George wrote columns in magazines about learning and teaching. One column was called "DragonSmoke" and a puff of DragonSmoke appeared frequently in other columns.


 * 1) Dragon Smoke is a quasiperiodical about PCC past, present, and future adventures. DragonSmoke is also a half-bakery of ideas, especially ideas about games, activities, investigations, projects, and other tools and toys to help learners learn and teachers teach – math & science.
 * 2) DragonSmoke began in People's Computer Company, Volume 3, Number 1, September 1974.
 * 3) The cover picture was Nancy Hertert's 3-headed dragon that became PCC's logo, soon to appear on T-shirts and buttons. Bob was PCC's editor – DragonSmoke was his page of this and that and other things.

__ Bob's Current Adventures Include: __ http://hcle.wikispaces.com/Bob+Albrecht - writing kindle books, tutoring high school and college students in math and physics, and running HurkleQuest play-by-email games for elementary schools teachers and their students. Bob's first Kindle books are in a series called Mathemagical Numbers. He also working on a Kindle series called Play Together, Learn Together. Both are designed to helps learners learn, and teachers teach, math from grade 1 up and away.

__ The History and Philosophy of DDJ: __ @http://www.drdobbs.com/aboutus

-The history of Dr. Dobb's Journal goes back to the earliest days of the microcomputer industry. In 1975, MITS created the Altair, the first real microcomputer.

-Bob Albrecht was one of the few to realize the significance of such event.

-Bob Albrecht is an ardent supporter of computer education for the masses.

- Bob Albrecht always believed that the general public should have access to computers and knew that the Altair and similar machines could make this happen. He also realized that widespread use of microcomputers was unlikely as long as the only language in which they could be programmed was assembly language.

-He concluded that what was needed was a public-domain version of BASIC that could be distributed to microcomputer enthusiasts everywhere.

-He persuaded his friend Dennis Allison, a member of the Computer Science faculty at Stanford, to write a version of BASIC that was small enough to fit within the limited memory of the new machines.

-Allison and Albrecht originally published the design of "Tiny" BASIC in a quarterly tabloid, called "People's Computer Company" (PCC), in three parts during early 1975.

-PCC, which was created in the early 1970's by Bob, was devoted to computer games, BASIC programming and computers for the masses. In December 1975, Dick Whipple and John Arnold responded to the design articles with a Tiny BASIC that required only 3K of RAM.

-Albrecht and Allison decided to publish Tiny BASIC as a three part document in newsletter format and "Dr. Dobb's Journal of Computer Calisthenics and Orthodontia" was born.

-"Dobb's" came from collapsing together (sort of) Allison's and Albrecht's first names.

-Dr. Dobb's Journal no longer distributes Tiny BASIC to the masses and today's DDJ reader is apt to be a professional who makes his or her "bread and butter" as a software engineer
 * 1) -DDJ is primarily a software magazine, but that doesn't negate the importance of articles featuring hardware and hardware-related subjects.
 * 2) -the articles in DDJ are often written by the readers of DDJ. If you have an idea, you can discuss it with the editors

__ Stanford University: Dennis Allison- People's Computer Company Alumni Website/ Work completed with Bob Albrecht: __ @http://web.stanford.edu/~allison/

-In the early 1970's, Bob Albrecht and Dennis Allison founded the People's Computer Company, a California not-for-profit corporation that promoted the personal use of computers. -PCC published journals (PCC Newspaper, People's Computers, iRecreational Computing, Dr. Dobb's Journal, The Computer Music Journal) and books (What To Do After You Hit Return), ran a store-front computer center, and did outreach programs into the community.

-The company's no-copyright practice was a significant boost to the growing body of microcomputer software and applications, and to the general base of knowledge and developing best practices in the young industry. Did you expect this out come? -What is your favorite part the People's Computer Company experience? -What was it that made you see the potential in the concept of computer education? - Can you explain the story behind the involvement of the dragon?


 * Bibliography: ** Liza Loop and Bob Albrecht

-Bob Albrecht. HCLE Wiki page. Bob Albrecht. Web. 2/6/15

-Dennis Allison. Stanford. Capsule Biography. Web. 2/6/15

-DigiBarn computer museum. People's Computer Company & The People's Computers Newsletters. Web. 2/6/15 (Jon, DigiBarn is not Bob's project and is only related because it has copies of the newsletter although Bob and Bruce are probably friends.)

-Dr. Dobb's. The World of Software Development. The History and Philosphy of DDJ. Web. 2/6/15 (Are copies of DDJ available on the web anywhere?)

-Liza Loop. Hastac. Liza Loop: Personal Info. Web. 2/6/15

-Liza Loop. IAE-PEDIA. Liza Loop. Web. 2/6/15

-Liza Loop. MW2015: Museums and the Web 2015. What Makes an Online Museum Real?- Online Museums Working Group Session: Birds of a Feather. Web. 2/6/15

-Wikipedia. People's Computer Company. PCC. Web. 2/6/15

Resources for Collecting of Oral Histories: Technology & Education Focus

 * Digital Humanities and Oral History: **

__ PopUp Archive __ : @https://www.popuparchive.com/

-Search engine optimization

1)PopUp Archive wanted a way to find and reuse evergreen content, and drive more traffic through search engine optimization from transcripts and keywords.

2)PopUp Archive makes the content of Illinois Public Media searchable the same day it is broadcast — both on their website and internally for staff. Pop Up Archive automatically processes their audio, preserves it securely at the Internet Archive, and automatically makes media findable and easily reusable.

-Data for web development, researchers, and media

1)Historian Studs Terkel was on the radio every day, five days a week, for 40 years. He talked to celebrities, activists, politicians.The Library of Congress is digitizing nearly 10,000 hours of Studs Terkel's broadcast interviews, and together with the Chicago History Museum, WFMT is building a complete digital Studs Terkel archive

2)PopUp archive helped us develop an overall strategy from the get-go, they understood what made the Terke project unique and applied new technology in smart, customized manner that gave people tools to navigate this labyrinth of 5,000+ programs in a way that made it much more inviting and fun to explore.

-Transmedia storytelling experience

1)The team at FIXT POINT production depends on Pop Up Archive to produce its podcast, A Tale of Towns. They upload all their audio to the site, swiftly clean up their transcripts, and use that text to piece together an intricate, layered storytelling experience.

-find and reuse content

1)The archive PopUp have built for KALW Local Radio will streamline our newsroom operations moving forward by enabling them to organize, track, and reuse our valuable content.

__ Story Corps: http://storycorps.org/about/ __

About -Has collected and archived more than 50,000 interviews with over 90,000 participants. Each conversation is recorded on a CD to share, and is preserved at the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress.

Mission -Is to provide people of all backgrounds and beliefs with the opportunity to record, share and preserve the stories of our lives. Creating an invaluable archive for future generations.

Core Principles -The interview session is at the heart of StoryCorps. We treat participants with the utmost respect, care, and dignity. -StoryCorps maintains a relentless focus on serving a wide diversity of participants. -StoryCorps is a public service.

__ Principles for Oral History and Best Practices for Oral History __ : @http://www.oralhistory.org/about/principles-and-practices/
 * BEST PRACTICES & STANDARDS FOR ORAL HISTORY: **

Intro -Oral history refers both to a method of recording and preserving oral testimony and to the product of that process.

-A verbal document, the oral history, results from this process and is preserved and made available in different forms to other users, researchers, and the public

-Oral History Association encourages individuals and institutions involved with the creation and preservation of oral histories to uphold certain principles, professional and technical standards, and obligations like commitments to the narrators, to standards of scholarship for history and related disciplines, and to the preservation of the interviews and related materials for current and future users.

-For the readers’ convenience, a bibliography of resources is provided online at the Oral History Association website.

General Principles for Oral History -Oral history interviews seek an in-depth account of personal experience and reflections, with sufficient time allowed for the narrators to give their story the fullness they desire. The content of oral history interviews is grounded in reflections on the past as opposed to commentary on purely contemporary events.

-Oral historians insure that narrators voluntarily give their consent to be interviewed and understand that they can withdraw from the interview or refuse to answer a question at any time. Narrators may give this consent by signing a consent form or by recording an oral statement of consent prior to the interview.

-Interviewers must insure that narrators understand the extent of their rights to the interview and the request that those rights be yielded to a repository or other party, as well as their right to put restrictions on the use of the material.

-In the use of interviews, oral historians strive for intellectual honesty and the best application of the skills of their discipline, while avoiding stereotypes, misrepresentations, or manipulations of the narrators’ words.

-Oral history interviews are historical documents that are preserved and made accessible to future researchers and members of the public. This preservation and access may take a variety of forms, reflecting changes in technology.

Best Practices for Oral History Pre-Interview 1) Interviewers and those involved should prepare themselves before attempting the stages of the oral history process

2) Interviewers should make contact with an appropriate repository that has the capacity to preserve the oral histories and make them accessible to the public.

3)Narrators should be chosen based on the relevance of their experiences to the subject at hand.

4) Interviewers should conduct background research on the person, topic, and larger context in both primary and secondary sources

5) When contacting narrator, oral historians should send via regular mail or email an introductory letter outlining the general focus and purpose of the interview, and then follow-up with either a phone call or a return email

6) After securing the narrator’s agreement to be interviewed, the interviewer should schedule a non-recorded meeting.

7) Oral historians should use the best digital recording equipment within their means

8) Interviewers should prepare an outline of interview topics and questions to use as a guide to the recorded dialogue.

Interview 1) Interview should be conducted in a quiet room with minimal background noises and possible distractions.

2) The interviewer should record a “lead” at the beginning of each session to help focus his or her and the narrator’s thoughts to each session’s goals.

3) Both parties should agree to the approximate length of the interview in advance.

4) Ask creative and probing questions and listening to the answers

5) The interviewer should secure a release form, by which the narrator transfers his or her rights to the interview to the repository or designated body

Post Interview 1)understand that appropriate care and storage of original recordings begins immediately after their creation.

2)Interviewers should document their preparation and methods

3)archivists should make clear to users the availability and connection of these materials to the recorded interview.

4)The recordings of the interviews should be stored, processed, refreshed and accessed according to established archival standards designated for the media format used.

5)repositories should make transcriptions, indexes, time tags, detailed descriptions or other written guides to the contents.

6)interviews should honor the stipulations of prior agreements made with the interviewers or sponsoring institutions including restrictions on access and methods of distribution.

7)The repository should comply to the extent to which it is aware with the letter and spirit of the interviewee’s agreement with the interviewer and sponsoring institution.

8)All those who use oral history interviews should strive for intellectual honesty and the best application of the skills of their discipline.

__ Oral History In the Digital Age- Essays __ : @http://ohda.matrix.msu.edu/essays/

-Written by some of the most noted experts in the field, the following texts are designed to give you the latest information on best practices in collecting, curating, and disseminating oral histories.

-As micro-essays and case studies, the texts are designed to be easily updated and revised as technologies change. Viewers are invited to leave comments or turn to OHDA Wiki to leave ones own updates and perspectives on the issues raised. Find out more about the authors.

__ Indiana University Blomington- Oral History Techniques: @http://www.indiana.edu/~cshm/techniques.html __ -Oral history interviewing is one more tool in the larger repertoire of anyone interested in history, anthropology, and folklore. It collects information about the past from observers and participants in that past.
 * ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW TECHNIQUE: **

-Gathers data not available in written records about events, people, decisions, and processes. Oral history interviews are grounded in memory, and memory is a subjective instrument for recording the past, always shaped by the present moment and the individual psyche.

-Reveals how individual values and actions shaped the past, and how the past shapes present-day values and actions.

-Every interviewing experience is unique: there are things you can do before, during, and after your interview to make every interview more successful.

__ Regional Oral History Office- Tips for Interviewers: __ []

1)The whole point of the interview is to get the narrator to tell their story. Limit your own remarks to a few pleasantries to break the ice, then brief questions to guide them along.

2)Ask open ended questions

3)Ask one question at a time

4)Ask brief questions

5)Start with casual questions before you hit the hard hitting questions

6)Relax. Don't let periods of silence fluster oneself

7)Don't let fumbled words bring you down

8)Be careful/ courteous when interrupting

9)Do your best to get the interviewee back on track if they stray into a non pertinent subject

10)Before asking the narrator to describe someones personality first ask for the description of someones physical appearance. Less intimidating way for someone to describe someones personality is if they are first asked to describe appearance.

11)Don't share ones own personal opinion before asking a question

12)When researching an important point in ones story focus on the who, what, where, and when

13)Do not challenge accounts you think might be inaccurate

14)Tactfully point out to your narrator that there is a different account of what she is describing, if there is. (I have heard...)

15)Try to avoid "off the record" information--the times when your narrator asks you to turn off the recorder while she tells you a good story.

16)Don't switch the recorder off and on

17)Interviews usually work out better if there is no one present except the narrator and the interviewer

18)End the interview at a reasonable time. An hour and a half is probably the maximum.

19) Don't use the interview to show off your knowledge, vocabulary, charm, or other abilities

__ Computer History Museum- Oral History Collection: __ @http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/oralhistories/
 * COMPUTING HISTORY & ORAL HISTORY: **

-contains audio recordings, video footage, and transcripts of interviews and panel discussions with some of the world's most innovative computing pioneers.

-Interviews are conducted via the Museum's oral history program, which aims to preserve, collect, and communicate the unique stories of the Information Age to present and future generations.

-Video footage and digital transcripts of interviews and panel discussions are accessible through this site and can found through sites search.

__Women in Computing:__ @http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Oral-History:Women_in_Computing

-In 1996-1998, Dr. Janet Abbate served as a post-doctoral fellow at the IEEE History Center. Her chief focus during her fellowship was the completion of her book on the history of the internet, Inventing the Internet(MIT Press, 1999)

-As her next project a study of female participation in computer science and technology, with the goal of writing a book on the subject.

-Major part of her research for the project in 2001-2003 was conducting fifty-two oral histories with American and British women in computing. She contacted the IEEE History Center to see if it was interested in the project (it was) and if we would be willing to work with her, and preserve the finished oral histories

-Decade later she has finished this book, Recoding Gender: Women’s Changing Participation in Computing,(MIT Press, Fall 2012). With the book’s completion, the original oral histories are being made available for the first time to other researchers here through the IEEE Global History Network.

-Now Dr. Abbate is Associate Professor of Science and Technology in Society at the Northern Virginia campus of Virginia Tech University.

__ Computing Educators Oral History Collection: __
 * ORAL HISTORY & EDUCATION: **
 * @http://www.cs.southwestern.edu/OHProject/collection.html **

-The cornerstone of the Computing Educators Oral History Project is the collection of interviews.

-During 2011, all of the interview materials (audio, video, and transcripts) will be transferred to the Charles Babbage Institute(CBI) for long-term storage.

-Once the materials have been cataloged by CBI, all CEOHP interviews will also be available via their searchable index as well. Site presents several views of the collection, each of which links in turn to the overview page for each interviewee in the CEOHP collection.

__ Computing Educators Oral History Collection-Continued: __ @http://www.cs.southwestern.edu/OHProject/index-educators.html

-Lesson plans and other materials can inspire pre-college and undergraduate teachers for how to incorporate the CEOHP interviews into their teaching. A general information page about these materials is also included in the CSTA's Online Repository of K-12 Computer Science Teaching and Learning Materials.

Set teaching materials- in the form of lesson plans, have been designed to fit with CEOHP and encourage students to explore the interviews.

Essay Questions-summarized statements from the interviews as the basis for essay questions that encourage students to think deeply as they write about particular issues.

Notable Quotes-From interview there is a collected a set of statements that amused us, intrigued us, or made us think. Our summary of notable quotes provides a great jumping-off place for browsing the interviews.

Literary References-Many interviewees mentioned literary references, including books read for fun or used in teaching, as well as films used in class. Browse these references for ideas you can adapt for your own use in the classroom.

Cloud Views- Word clouds and tag clouds provide a way to represent meanings and themes from the interviews in a creative manner. Summarized this work-in-progress and encourage teachers to adapt these techniques in their own teaching.


 * Bibliography ** : Oral History Research (Jon: Are any of these items available on the web? If so, please include their links.)

Barbara Boucher Owens and Vicki Almstrum. Computing Educators Oral History Project. CEOHP Collection. Web. 2/5/15

Barbra Truesdell, Ph.D. Oral History Techniques: How to Organize and Condcut Oral History Interviews. WEb. 2/5/15 Computer History Museum. Oral History Collection: Explore. Web. 2/5/15

Dr. Janet Abbate. IEEE Global History Network. Oral-History: Women in Computing. WEb. 2/5/15

Indiana University Bloomington. Oral History Techniques. Center for the Study of History and Memory. Wb. 2/5/15

Kenny Malone, PopUp archive business users. Popup archive. User stories. Web. 2/5/15

Oral History Association. Principles and Best Practices. Web. 2/5/15

Oral History in the Digital Age. Essays. Institute of Museum and Library Services. Web. 2/5/15

Regional Oral History Office. Tips For Interviewers. The Bacroft Library UC Berkeley Library. Web. 2/5/15

StoryCorps: Celebrating 10 Years of Listening to America.About Us. Web. 2/5/15