Collaboration_working

=  Collaboration   =

1. Section Introduction
This section has four subsections that discuss:
 * 1) This Introduction
 * 2) Ways in which HCLE would like to collaborate with individuals and institutions
 * 3) Draft collaboration agreements
 * 4) Active collaborators and their latest relationship to HCLE

Please feel free to comment and edit the first section. Add references to the second section. Add your name and a description of how you are now or would like to collaborate with HCLE to the third section. To edit this wiki you will have to become a wiki member by clicking on "join" in the upper right corner of this window so that Liza or Tom can give you editing privileges. If you don't use your recognizable name as your user name, please send one of us an email so that we know who you are. We welcome new folks but we want to control access to minimize spamming. Thank you. Liza Loop 2014/08/03

Individuals
At the present time, Individuals are invited to interact with HCLE in a variety of ways, by:


 * reading this wiki,
 * joining the wiki and adding to it,
 * becoming an HCLE volunteer,
 * joining our consulting staff (Since money is extremely tight there are no paid positions available now. However, those interested in joining our paid staff should consider working as a volunteer first and seeking funding for their position as part of their duties.). Consultants help build the Museum by providing professional advice on computer applications and tools, taking on administrative tasks and aiding with ongoing operations (including fund raising and social media activities),
 * researching topics related to our mission,
 * designing and implementing exhibits for incorporation into the Virtual Museum.

After the Virtual Museum site is launched (hopefully in late 2015) anyone with access to the internet will be able to visit the museum, use historic software and participate in social media discussions. Becoming a collaborator requires a significant commitment to contributing to HCLE beyond visiting.

Institutions
Other museums, libraries, archives, schools, universities, professional organizations, hobby clubs and software vendors are all potential HCLE collaborators. These organizations may want to share or contribute items from their collections, partner to raise money for mutually interesting projects, lend staff time or effort, share expertise, promote each others' work, etc.. There are many possibilities. HCLE is exploring existing models of organizational collaboration to identify the features needed for effective written collaboration agreements.

If your organization participates in such agreements and would be willing to share sample documents, please forward them to liza@hcle.org. Indicate whether the document should be kept confidential or may be shared on this wiki. Thank you.

Research
The following notes, by Liza Loop, are from "Collaboration among Museums: Forms and Configurations of Collaborative Behavior" by J. Aldo Do Carmo Jr, PhD Researcher at Erasums University Rotterdam – Erasmus School of History Culture and Communication (ESHCC), docarmo@eshcc.eur.nl, Campus Woudestein – Burgemeester Oudlaan 50 – L2-02, 3062PA Rotterdam – The Netherlands downloaded on Aug 3, 2014 from Academia.edu

Carmo cites Oliver, Christine. "Determinants of Interorganizational Relationships: Integration and Future Directions." Academy of Management Review 15 (1990): 241-65.) for reasons why organizations choose to collaborate:
 * (i) necessity – established to fulfill legal or regulatory requirements;
 * (ii) asymmetry – potential to exercise power or control over another organization or its resources;
 * (iii) reciprocity – cooperation, collaboration and coordination among organizations;
 * (iv) stability – predictability or uncertainty reduction;
 * (v) legitimacy – institutional environments impose pressures on organizations to justify their activities or outputs; or
 * (iv) efficiency – internally, rather than externally and gain of control over external resources.

HCLE is motivated by iii through iv.

Types of activities mentioned in Arnold-Forster, Kate, and Stuart Davies. Collaboration Between Museums. Rep. London,:Museums & Galleries Commission, 1998 and cited by Carmo are:

HCLE is at least interested in #1,6,8,9,and 13. With some organizations #2, temporary exhibitions may be important.
 * 1) exchanging ideas or advice
 * 2) temporary exhibitions
 * 3) loans
 * 4) marketing and publicity
 * 5) education services and activities
 * 6) grant or funding applications
 * 7) training
 * 8) conservation
 * 9) documentation or Information Technology
 * 10) publications
 * 11) skill sharing
 * 12) major capital projects
 * 13) storage
 * 14) other
 * 15) staff exchange

The Arnald-Foster report also suggests that a) " the most preeminent success factors were: proper communication among members, clearly defined aims and objectives, and commitment to the project and b) those projects wouldnʼt [have] actually happened without the engage of the [collaborating] members.

Carmo's "Forms of collaboration" are:
 * 1) **Joint-project**: " happens when two or more museums develop an enterprise to carefully planned and designed to achieve a very particular aim. Museums professionals donʼt believe that there is any kind of competition among them, due to the uniqueness of their collections, thus a strong inclination to develop the ʻculture of collaborationʼ. Joint projects comprise "loans" and/or "ventures" (see pg. 9).
 * 2)  **Consortium**: " museums chase [intend] to stronger [strengthen] their relevance before external stakeholders: without or with direct dependence"
 * 3) **Forum**: " Museums collaborate while sharing knowledge and advices in seminars, conferences and congresses, when the involved organizations exchange even if in different sizes, locations, or even disciplines." (p. 12)

Individuals:

 * Jeremias (Jerry) Herberg - PhD Candidate from Luneburg, Germany (Jerry's Page)
 * Fred Turner, Stanford University
 * Henry Lowood, Stanford University
 * All of our living Ed Tech Pioneers